²Ä¤T³¹ ¬ã»sµ²ªG
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²Ä¤T¸` ¿U®Æ¹q¦À(Fuel Cell)
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²Ä¤@´Ú ºü½×
1.1 ¥Ñ©ó¨T¨®¤u·~°ª«×µo®i,¬Û¹ïªº¤]³y¦¨Àô¹Òªº¦Ã¬V,¹ï©ó¨Tªo¨®©Ò
±Æ©ñ¥X¤§CO2,¦b¬ü°ê,¥[®³¤j,¿D¬w¤À§O¬O¨äÁ`¦Ã¬V±Æ©ñ¤§24%,
20%,26%.¨ä¥L©|¦³HC¦û¨äÁ`±Æ©ñ±µªñ1/2,CO¬ù¦û¨äÁ`±Æ©ñ¤§2/3,NOX
¦û¨äÁ`±Æ©ñ¶W¹L1/3.
¦]¦¹,§C¦Ã¬V,¹s¦Ã¬V,¼W¥[¯à·½®Ä¯qªº¹q°Ê¨®½øÄ¨|¦Ó¥Í,¹q°Ê¨®
±Æ©ñ¤§¼o¼ö,¦û¨Tªo¨®1/10,¦Ó¹q°Ê¨®±Æ©ñ¤§¾¸µ,«o¤ñ¨Tªo¨®°§C
10-15¤À¨©.¦Ó¨ä¤¤³Ì«nªºÃöÁä«h¦b©ó´£¨Ñ°Ê¤Oªº¹q¦À.
1.2 ¾A¦X¹q°Ê¨®¨Ï¥Îªº¹q¦À,¥²»Ý:
»ù®æ§C·G,°ª¯à¶q±K«×,¥R¹q³t«×§Ö,¦Û§Ú©ñ¹q²v§C,§K«O¾i,¹Ø©Rªø.
1.3 ¹q°Ê¨®¦Ü¤µ¥¼¯à¨ú¥N¤º¿U¾÷¨®½ø,¼s¨ü¥«³õ±µ¨üªº¥Dnì¦]
¹q¦À§÷®Æ¯S©Ê:»Ý¼W¥[¯à¶q±K«×;¹q¸ô³]p°µ¨ì¸û¨Îªº¯à¶qºÞ²z.
¹q¦À¥R¹q§Þ³N:»ÝÁYµu¥R¹q®É¶¡.
¹q¦À´Ý¶qÀË´ú§Þ³N:»Ý§ï¶i.
Äò¯è¤O¤£¨¬:»Ý¤j´T«×¼Wªø.
²Ä¤G´Ú ¥Ø«e¬ã¨s«ÂI
2.1 ´£¤É®e¶q,´£¤É¯à¶q±K«×,§Ö³t¥R¹q,¥R¹q®Ä²v,¥R¹q¹q¦À®e¶qÀË´ú,
©ñ¹q¹q¦À´Ý¦s®e¶qÀË´ú,¹q¦À¦Ñ¤Æ.
©ñ¹q´Ý¦s¹q¦À®e¶qÀË´ú,¥iÅý¨Ï¥ÎªÌ,¹w¦ô¹q¦À©|¥i¨Ï¥Î¦h¤[,¨Ã
¥iĵ§i¨Ï¥ÎªÌ,¦b¹q¦À±µªñ©ñ§¹¹q®É,·Ç³Æ¥R¹q©Î§ó´«¹q¦À,¥H§K¹L
«×©ñ¹q,¾ÉP¹q¦À²£¥Í¥Ã¤[©Ê¶Ë®`.
¥Ñ©ó¹]»Ä¹q¦À¯à¶q±K«×§C,¥R¹q®É¶¡¤[,¥R¹q®Ä²v§C,²Â«,¥B©ö³y
¦¨¤G¦¸¦Ã¬V,²{¤j³£¥H¬ãµo§C(µL¡^¦Ã¬V,¯à§Ö³t°_°Ê¤§¿U®Æ¹q¦À¬°
¥D.
2.2 ¹q°Ê¨®¥Dnªº¯ÊÂI¦b©ó¹q¦Àªº¬ÛÃö§Þ³N¤§¨}æÕ,±N·|¼vÅT¹q°Ê¨®¤§©Ê
¯à,¦]¦¹,¹q°Ê¨®ªº¹q¦À¥²¶·°ª¿é¥X±K«×,°ª«¶q/Åé¿n¯à¶q±K«×,°ª¯à
¶qÂà´«²v,°ª´`Àô¹Ø©R,¥i²`«×©ñ¹q,¥i§Ö³t¥R¹q,§C¦Û©ñ¹q²v,§C»ù¦ì
,§K«O¾i.
²Ä¤T´Ú ¿U®Æ¹q¦À¤§ì²z
3.1 1839¦~,^°êSir William Grove¦b¶i¦æ¹q¸Ñ¤ôªº¹êÅç®É,«K»{ª¾±q
¨ä°f¤ÏÀ³¤¤,¥iÀò±o¹q¤O,¶}©l¿U®Æ¹q¦Àªºµo®i»P¬ã¨s.
3.2 ¿U®Æ¹q¦À
¬O¤@ºØ¤£»Ý¸g¹L¿U¿N«o¯à±N¤Æ¾Ç¯àÂàÅܬ°¹q¯àªºµo¹q¸Ë¸m,¥Ñ©ó¤£
¦ü¤º¿U¾÷,»Ý¸g½ÆÂøªº¯à¶qÂà¤Æµ{§Ç,¦]¦¹,µo¹q®Ä²v·¥°ª,¥BµL¦Ã¬V.
¬O¤@ºØª½±µ±N¤Æ¾Ç¯àÂà¤Æ¬°¹q¯àªº¸Ë¸m,¨BÆJ²³æ,®Ä²v°ª,Åé¿n
¤p;¨ä§Q¥Î²B®ð,¥Ò¾J,¤ÑµM®ð,·Ñ®ð...µ¥«D¥ÛªoÃþ¿U®Æ»P¯Â®ð©ÎªÅ®ð
¤À§O¦b¹q¦Àªº¨â·¥µo¥Í¹q¤Æ¾Ç¤ÏÀ³,¹ït¸ü´£¨Ñ³sÄò¤£Â_ªºª½¬y¹q,
¦]¦¹,¤£»Ý¦p¤º¿U¾÷ÂǥѿU¿Nªº§Î¦¡,±N¼ö¯àÂର¥\,¨ü¨ì¥d¿Õ´`Àô
(Carnot
Cycle)ªº¨î,±N¥i´î¤Ö¯à·½·l¯Ó,´£°ª¯à¶qÂà¤Æ®Ä²v,¥B¨ä
¤Æ¾Ç¤ÏÀ³°ß¤@¥Í¦¨ª«¬O¯Â¤ô,¹ïÀô¹Ò¤£·|³y¦¨¦Ã¬V.µL¤@¯ë¹q¦Àªº§ó
·s»P¥R¹q°ÝÃD,·í³sÄò¶i®Æ(²B®ð»PªÅ®ð)®É,¹q¯à¥i³sÄò²£¥Í.
²Ä¥|´Ú ¿U®Æ¹q¦À¤§ºØÃþ
²Ä¤@¥Ø ¿U®Æ¹q¦À¨Ì¹q¸Ñ½è¤£¦P¥i¤À¬°:
1.1 ÁC»Ä¿U®Æ¹q¦À(Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell -
PAFC)-²Ä¤@¥N¿U®Æ
¹q¦À
¥Dn¥Î©ó¦a°Ï©Êªºµo¹q¼t»P¤j«¬¹B¿é¤u¨ã.
¥H100%¿@«×ÁC»Ä¬°¹q¸Ñ½è,¥ÎºÒ¤Æª¿¯»¥½»s¦¨ªºmaxtrix¨Ó§lªþ°ª
¿@«×ÁC»Ä,¥BÁC»Äéw«×°ª,©Ò¥H¯à¦b°ª·Å¾Þ§@,¤u§@·Å«×¬ù160
~220¢XC,¦Ó100%¿@«×ÁC»Ä¥i°§C¤ôªº»]¨TÀ£,¦³§U©ó¤ô³B²z.
¥Ñ©ó¨ä®ñ®ð¦bÁC»Ä·»²G¤¤ªºÁÙì³t²v¤ñ¨ä¥Lªº»Ä©Ê·»²G¤p,©Ò¥H
±Ò°ÊºC;¾l¼ö§Q¥Î²v§C,¤£¾A¦X§C·Å¾Þ§@,¦]¦¹,µo®i¤£¦p½è¤l¥æ´«½¤
»P°ª·Å«¬¿U®Æ¹q¦À.
1.2 º²¿ÄºÒ»ÄÆQ¿U®Æ¹q¦À(Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell -
MCFC)
-²Ä¤G¥N¿U®Æ¹q¦À
¥Hº²¿ÄºAªºÆP©Êª÷ÄÝ(¹[,¯Ç,¾Y)ºÒ»ÄÆQ¬°¹q¸Ñ½è,¥ÎLiAlO2»s¦¨
ceramic maxtrix¨ÓÀx¦s¹q¸Ñ½è,¦]¨ä¹q¸Ñ½è»Ý¦bº²¿Äª¬ºA¤~¨ã¦³Â÷
¤l¶Ç¾É¤§¯à¤O,©Ò¥H¾Þ§@·Å«×¬ù600
~ 700¢XC,¾l¼ö§Q¥Î»ùȰª,¾A¦X
°Ï°ì©Ê¤À´²¹q¯¸,¥Ñ©ó°ª·Å¤U,¤ÏÀ³¤£¨üCO¤§¼vÅT,¹q·¥¤ÏÀ³®e©ö,¤£
»Ý¨Ï¥Î¶Qª÷ÄݰµÄ²´C,¦b¶§·¥¨Ï¥Î¸û«K©yªºNi/Cr/Al§Y¥i,³±·¥¬°
NiO,¤ÏÀ³®É,»Ý´`Àô¨Ï¥ÎCO2.µo®i¤W,¦³°ª·Å¤ÏÀ³©Ò²£¥Í»G»k»P¹q¸Ñ
²Gº¯º|¤§°ÝÃD.
1.3 ©TºA®ñ¤Æª«¿U®Æ¹q¦À(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell -
SOFC)-²Ä¤T¥N¿U
®Æ¹q¦À
¥H©TÅé,µL¤Õ»Øª÷ÄݤƦXª«,(¦pY2O3-stabilized
ZrO2),¬°¹q¸Ñ
½è,§Q¥Î®ñÂ÷¤l¦bª÷Å餤¬ï±ô,¥H¶i¦æÂ÷¤l¶Ç¾É,³q±`¶§·¥¬°Ni
/ZrO2,³±·¥¬°Sr/LaMnO4§÷®Æ,Äݰª·Å«¬¿U®Æ¹q¦À,¾Þ§@·Å«×¬ù800
~1000¢XC.
¦]¦¹,¤£»Ý¨Ï¥Î¶Qª÷Äݬ°Ä²´C,¤£¨üCO¬r¤Æ¤§¼vÅT.
¦³ºÞª¬,¥ªOª¬,¶ôÅ骬¤TºØ¤£¦P«¬¦¡ªº³]p,¨ä¬°¥þ©TÅ骺µ²ºc,
µL¹q¸Ñ½è¬y¥¢¤§°ÝÃD,¾A¦X¤j«¬«Ø¿vª«¤¤«¬¹q¯¸,¦ý¦³©TºA¹q¸Ñ½è
»PIJ´C¼hªº¬É±°ÝÃD,¾ÉP©Ê¯à¤U°,¦Ó¹q¸Ñ½è°íµw©ö¸H,µLªk¤j«¬
¤Æ¤§°ÝÃD.
1.4 ÆP©Ê¿U®Æ¹q¦À(Alkaline Fuel Cell - AFC),¥i¤À¬°:
1.4.1 °ª¿@«×KOH·»²G(85% wt),¦b°ª·Å250¢XC¤¤¾Þ§@.
1.4.2 §C¿@«×KOH·»²G(35~50% wt),¦b§C·Å120¢XC¤¤¾Þ§@.
¥HKOH¬°¹q¸Ñ½è,IJ´C¿ï¾Ü©Ê«Ü¼s,¥i¥ÎNi,Ag,Spinels¤Î¨ä¥L¶Q
ª÷ÄÝ,YCO»PKOH¤ÏÀ³,·|§Î¦¨K2CO3,³y¦¨¹q¸Ñ½èªý§Ü¼W¤j¦Ó¼vÅT
¶Ç¾É©Ê,¾ÉP©Ê¯à°§C,¦]¦¹¥²¶·°µ¦nCO,CO2¤§ÀË´ú,³Ì¦n¨Ï¥Î¯Â
²B,¯Â®ñ.¨ã¦³°ªªº¯à¶qÂà´«®Ä²v,³Ì¦µo®i¾A¥Î©ó¤ÓªÅ»Px¨Æ¥Î
³~(¦p¤ÓªÅ±ô,¼ç¤ô¸¥µ¥¯S®í¥Î³~).
¬O¿U®Æ¹q¦À¤¤,®Ä¯à³Ì°ªªÌ,¦ý¹q¸Ñ½è¬OÆP©Ê·»²G,·|»PCO2¥Í¦¨
ºÒ»ÄÆQÃþ,¨I¿n¦b¦h¤Õ«¬¹q·¥¤W,©Ò¥HµLªk¥HªÅ®ð§@¬°®ñ¤Æ¾¯,¦³
¹ê¥Î¤W¤§§xÃø.
1.5 ª½±µ¥Ò¾J¿U®Æ¹q¦À(Direct Methanol Fuel Cell -
DMFC)
¥H¬t¾ð¯×¨t»PÁD»Ä®Ú©Òºc¦¨ªº°ª¤À¤l©TºAÁ¡½¤,,¥i¦b§C·Å¤U
(60~90¢XC)¾Þ§@.
¤ÏÀ³¾÷¨î»P½è¤l¥æ´«½¤¿U®Æ¹q¦À¬Û¦ü,¬Û²§ªº¬Oª½±µ¥H¥Ò¾J¬°¶§·¥
¿U®Æ¨ÑÀ³,¦Ó¶§·¥¨Ï¥ÎªºÄ²´C¥HPt,Ru/C¥N´ÀPt/C,¨äÀuÂI¦b©ó°Ó·~¤Æ
¦¨¥»§C,¹B¿é»PÀx¦s¤O¤è«K,¦ý¨äIJ´C©ö¾D¤ÏÀ³¤¤¶¡ª«¬r¤Æ,®Ä¯à°
§C¤Ó§Ö,¹q¬y±K«×¤£¨¬,§Æ´£°ª¥Ò¾J¨Ï¥Î²v»PÁ×§K¥¼¤ÏÀ³¥Ò¾Jº¯³z¹LÁ¡
½¤,¥H´£°ª¾ãÅ餧®Ä²v.
1.6 ½è¤l¥æ´«½¤¿U®Æ¹q¦À(Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
-
PEMFC)
¥H¬t¾ð¯×¨t»PÁD»Ä®Ú©Òºc¦¨ªº°ª¤À¤l©TºAÁ¡½¤,¨ã¦³¨}¦n½è¤l¶Ç
¾É¯à¤O,¦Ó¤ÏÀ³¥u¥Í¦¨²GºA¤ô,µL»G»k¦Ã¬V°ÝÃD,¦ý¤ô³B²z¹ï¨ä®Ä
²v¦³ÅãµÛ¼vÅT,Y¤ô¤À¤£¨¬,Á¡½¤·|²æ¤ô,¹L¦h,·|§«¤ÏÀ³®ðÅé¦b¹q
·¥ªºÂX´².¾Þ§@·Å«×±`§C©ó120¢XC,¥i¦b«Ç·Å¤¤§Ö³t±Ò°Ê.
µL¹q¸Ñ½è¬y¥¢,¤ô©ö±Æ°£,¹Ø©Rªø¤§ÀuÂI,¾A¦X®a®xµo¹q¸Ë¸m»P¹B
¿é¤u¨ã,¬°¬ã¨s¥D¬y.
¦¹¹q¦À¥u¯à¥H¥Õª÷(Pt)¬°Ä²´C,¦]¦¹,CO³y¦¨¥Õª÷IJ´C¬r¤Æªº°Ý
ÃD,»Ý¥[§JªA.
²Ä¤G¥Ø ¿U®Æ¹q¦À¨Ì¾Þ§@·Å«×¥i¤À¬°:
2.1 °ª·Å«¬:¦pº²¿ÄºÒ»ÄÆQ¿U®Æ¹q¦À,¨ä¾Þ§@·Å«×¬°650¢XC;©TºA®ñ¤Æª«¿U
®Æ¹q¦À,¨ä¾Þ§@·Å«×¬°800~1000¢XC,¤£»ÝIJ´C¶Ê¤Æ§@¥Î¥B¤£
¨üCO¬r¤Æ¤§¼vÅT
2.2 ¤¤·Å«¬:¦pÁC»Ä¿U®Æ¹q¦À,¨ä¾Þ§@·Å«×¬°200¢XC.
2.3 §C·Å«¬:¦pÆP©Ê¿U®Æ¹q¦À,½è¤l¥æ´«½¤¿U®Æ¹q¦À,¨ä¾Þ§@·Å«×¬°60
~90¢XC.
²Ä¤´Ú ¿U®Æ¹q¦À¤§Àu/¯ÊÂI
5.1 ¯à¶qÂà´«®Ä²v°ª,²z½×¤W,¥i¹F90%¥H¤W,¹ê»ÚÀ³¥Î¤W,¥i¹F80%¥H
¤W(Comas Haynes).
5.2 µL¦Ã¬V,µL»G»k,¹Ø©Rªø,¦]¿U®Æ¹q¦À¥u®ø¯Ó²B®ð,®ñ®ð(¥ÑªÅ®ð
ì±o),¥Í¦¨ª«¬°¤ô,°£ºÒ²B¤Æ¦Xª«¤§¿U®Æ¹q¦À¥u¦³·¥¤Ö¶qªº¤G
®ñ¤ÆºÒ±Æ©ñ¥~,´XµL¦Ã¬V.
5.3 ¥i¾a«×°ª,¤ÏÀ³³t«×§Ö,¾¸µ§C,¦]¨ä¤ºµL¹B°Ê³¡¥ó.
5.4 ¯à¶q¤ñ°ª,¦]¿U®Æ¹q¦À»Ý¤£Â_¸É¥R¿U®Æ,¨ä¿é¥X¯à¶qÀH®É¶¡¥[ªø
¦Ó¼W¦h
5.5 ¼o¼ö§Q¥Î®e©ö.
5.6 ¥i¼Ò²Õ¤Æ,¥iÅܩʰª.
²Ä¤»´Ú ½è¤l¥æ´«½¤¿U®Æ¹q¦À¤§Àu/¯ÊÂI
5.1 ½è¤l¥æ´«½¤¿U®Æ¹q¦À¤§ÀuÂI
¤u§@·Å«×§C(50~100¢XC¤§¶¡),±Ò°Ê§Ö.
³]p²³æ.
¹q¸Ñ½è¬O©TÅ馳¾÷ª«,¤£©È¾_°Ê.
µL¾¸µ.
¹s¦Ã¬V.
¯à¶q¤ñ°ª(¨µ¦æ¾p¨½µ{ªø).
¦]¦¹,¯S§O¾A¦X°µ¬°¥æ³q¤u¨ã¤§°Ê¤O.
5.2 ½è¤l¥æ´«½¤¿U®Æ¹q¦À¤§¯ÊÂI
½è¤l¥æ´«½¤¿U®Æ¹q¦À¦b¶i¦æ¤ÏÀ³«á,³±·¥ºÝ·|²£¥Í¤ô¤À,³y¦¨¹q¦À
¤º³¡¿n¤ô,¦Ó¹L¦hªº¤ô¤À,·|±NIJ´C¼hÂл\,¨Ï¤ÏÀ³®ðÅéµLªk±µªñIJ
´C¶i¦æ¤ÏÀ³,³y¦¨¹q¦À®Ä¯à°§C.
²Ä¤C´Ú ½è¤l¥æ´«½¤¿U®Æ¹q¦À¤§µ²ºc»P§@°Ê:
²Ä¤@¥Ø µ²ºc:
1.1 ¥æ´«½¤¹q·¥²Õ(Membrane Electrode Assembly - MEA):
½è¤l¥æ´«½¤¿U®Æ¹q¦Àµ²ºc¥H¥æ´«½¤¹q·¥²Õ¬°®Ö¤ß,¥æ´«½¤¹q·¥²Õ¬O
¥HIJ´C¼h¬°¥Dnµ²ºc,¬O¶§·¥¹q·¥»P³±·¥¹q·¥±N½è¤l¥æ´«½¤§¨¦b¤¤¶¡
©Ò²Õ¦X¦Ó¦¨,§Æ§ä¥X³Ì¨ÎªºÄ²´C¼h¦¨¤Àª«,¥HÀò±o³Ì¨Îªº¹q¦À.
1.2 ¶§·¥¹q·¥(²B®ñ°¼):
¶§·¥¹q·¥³q±`¬O¥ÑºÒÅÖºû´¦¨ªººÒ¥¬,¶î¤W¤@¼h¥Õª÷»PºÒ¯»²V¦Xªº
¶Ê¤Æ¾¯©Ò»s¦¨,¨Ì¨ä¤¤ªº¾÷¨î¤£¦P,¥i¤À¬°®ðÅéÂX´²¼h»P§@¥Î¼h¨â°Ï
°ì:
²B®ñ°¼®ðÅéÂX´²¼h(diffusion layer):
³q±`¥ÎºÒ¥¬¤ä¼µªº³¡¤À,°£¹ï¶Ê¤Æ¾¯´£¨Ñ«OÅ@,ÂX¤j¶Ê¤Æ¾¯ªº§@¥Î
±¿n,¥ç¥i±N¹q¤l¾É¥X,¤Î´£¨Ñ²B¤À¤l¨ì¹F¤ÏÀ³°Ï°ìªº³q¹D.·í²B®ð¦b
¬ï¹L¹q·¥¨ì¹F¶Ê¤Æ¾¯ªþªñªº¹Lµ{®É,»ÝÂÇ¥ÑÂX´²ªº¤è¦¡²¾°Ê,¦]¦¹ºÙ
¹q·¥¤¤ªº¦¹°Ï°ì¬°²B®ñ°¼®ðÅéÂX´²¼h.
²B®ñ°¼§@¥Î¼h(active layer):
²B®ñ°¼§@¥Î¼h¬O¥æ´«½¤»P¹q·¥²Õµo¥Í¹q¤Æ¾Ç¤ÏÀ³ªº¦a¤è,¥ç§Y¹q·¥
¤¤ªº¶Ê¤Æ³¡¤À;²B®ð·|¸g¥Ñ¥Õª÷IJ´Cªº¶Ê¤ÆÄÀ©ñ¥X¹q¤lÂàÅܦ¨²BÂ÷¤l
,¬ï¹L½è¤l¥æ´«½¤»P®ñÂ÷¤l¤ÏÀ³;¹q¤l¸g¥ÑºÒ¥¬¾ÉÂ÷.
1.3 ³±·¥¹q·¥(®ñ®ñ°¼):
³±·¥¹q·¥³q±`¬O¥ÑºÒÅÖºû´¦¨ªººÒ¥¬,¶î¤W¤@¼h¥Õª÷»PºÒ¯»²V¦Xªº
¶Ê¤Æ¾¯©Ò»s¦¨,¨Ì¨ä¤¤ªº¾÷¨î¤£¦P,¥i¤À¬°:
®ñ®ñ°¼®ðÅéÂX´²¼h(diffusion layer):
³q±`¥ÎºÒ¥¬¤ä¼µªº³¡¤À,°£¹ï¶Ê¤Æ¾¯´£¨Ñ«OÅ@,ÂX¤j¶Ê¤Æ¾¯ªº§@¥Î
±¿n,¥ç¥i±N¹q¤l¾É¤J,¤Î´£¨Ñ®ñ¤À¤l¨ì¹F¤ÏÀ³°Ï°ìªº³q¹D.
·í®ñ®ð¦b¬ï¹L¹q·¥¨ì¹F¶Ê¤Æ¾¯ªþªñªº¹Lµ{®É,»ÝÂÇ¥ÑÂX´²ªº¤è¦¡²¾
°Ê,¦]¦¹ºÙ¹q·¥¤¤ªº¦¹°Ï°ì¬°®ñ®ñ°¼®ðÅéÂX´²¼h.
®ñ®ñ°¼§@¥Î¼h(active layer):
®ñ®ñ°¼§@¥Î¼h¬O¥æ´«½¤»P¹q·¥²Õµo¥Í¹q¤Æ¾Ç¤ÏÀ³ªº¦a¤è,¥ç§Y¹q
·¥¤¤ªº¶Ê¤Æ³¡¤À;®ñ¤À¤l¦b§l¦¬¸g¥ÑºÒ¥¬¾É¤Jªº¹q¤l«á,»P¬ï¹L½è¤l
¥æ´«½¤ªº²BÂ÷¤l¤ÏÀ³,µ²¦X¦¨¤ô.
1.4 ½è¤l¥æ´«½¤:
½è¤l¥æ´«½¤ªº°ò¥»¥\¯à:¦b¹jµ´¨â°¼¹q·¥,«o¯à¶Ç¾É²BÂ÷¤l§¹¦¨¤Ï
À³.
½è¤l¥æ´«½¤ªº°ò¥»µ²ºc:¬O¦h¤Õªº©TÅé,¤Õ¤º§t¤ô,²BÂ÷¤l¥H
migration»PÂX´²(diffusion)ªº¤è¦¡,²¾°Ê¦Ü®ñ®ð°¼.
¥Ø«e¦³¬ü°êDuPontªºNafin,¬ü°êDowªºXUS,¬ü°êDaisªºKraton
G1650,¤é¥»AsahiªºAciplex...µ¥½è¤l¥æ´«½¤¤§Ãþ§O.
²Ä¤G¥Ø §@°Ê:
2.1 ¤ÏÀ³¾÷¨î:
¦b¹q¦À¤ÏÀ³®É,½¤¹q·¥¤ºµo¥Í¤U¦C¹Lµ{:
(1)¤ÏÀ³®ðÅé¦bÂX´²¼h¤ºÂX´².
(2)®ðÅé¦b¶Ê¤Æ¼h¤º³Q¶Ê¤Æ¾¯§l¦¬¨Ãµo¥Í¹q¶Ê¤Æ¤ÏÀ³.
(3)½è¤l¦b©TÅé¹q¸Ñ½è(½è¤l¥æ´«½¤)¤º¶Ç»¼¨ì¹ï°¼,¦P®É,¹q¤l¦b¹q·¥
¤º¶Ç»¼¦Ü¶°¹qªO.
2.2 ¶§·¥¤ÏÀ³:
²B®ð¶i¤J¶§·¥«Ç,¸g¥Ñ¦h¤Õ®ðÅé¶§·¥ªºÂX´²¼h,ÂX´²¨ì¶Ê¤Æ¼h,µo¥Í¤U
¦C¤ÏÀ³:
H2 -> 2H++2e-
2.3 ³±·¥¤ÏÀ³:
®ñ®ð¦b³±·¥»P¸g¹L½è¤l¥æ´«½¤¶Ç»¼¹L¨Óªº½è¤lµo¥Í¤ÏÀ³¹Lµ{¤¤,©¹
©¹¥X²{¤¤¶¡»ùºAªºÂ÷¤l,ÀH¹q·¥§÷®Æ,¤ÏÀ³±ø¥óªº¤£¦P,·|¦³¤£¦Pªº¾÷
¨î»P±±¨î¨BÆJ.
¦U¼t®a°µªk¤£¦P;°ò¥»¤W¤À¬°2Ãþ:
(1)O2±o¨ì2Ó¹q¤lÁÙ즨H2O2,¦AÁÙ즨H2O
(2)O2³sÄò±o¨ì4Ó¹q¤l,ª½±µÁÙ즨H2O
²Ä¤K´Ú ¿U®Æ¹q¦À¤§À³¥Î:
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ºØÃþ |
ÁC»Ä |
º²¿Ä |
©TºA |
ÆP©Ê |
ª½±µ |
½è¤l |
PAFC | MCFC | SOFC | AFC | DMFC | PEMFC | |
¹q¸Ñ½è |
H 3PO4 |
65%LiCO 3/35%K2CO3 |
ZrO 2/Y2O3 |
35~45% |
°ª¤À¤l½¤ |
°ª¤À¤l½¤ |
²¾°ÊÂ÷¤l |
H |
CO |
O |
OH |
H |
H |
¶§·¥ |
Pt/C |
Cr,Al/Ni |
Ni/ZrO 2 |
Pt/C |
Pt/C,Ru/C |
Pt/C |
³±·¥ |
Pt/C |
NiO |
Sr/LaMnO 4 |
Pt/C |
Pt/C |
Pt/C |
¶§·¥¤ÏÀ³ |
H 2¡÷2H ![]() ![]() |
H 2+CO![]() H2O+CO2+2e ![]() |
H 2+O![]() H2O+2e ![]() |
H 2+2OH![]() 2H2O+2e ![]() |
CH 3OH+H2O¡÷CO2+6H ![]() ![]() |
H 2¡÷2H ![]() ![]() |
³±·¥¤ÏÀ³ |
½O2+2H |
½O2+CO2 |
½O2 |
½O2+H2O |
3/2O2+6H |
½O2+2H |
¥þ¤ÏÀ³ |
H 2+½O2¡÷H2O |
H 2+½O2¡÷H2O |
H 2+½O2¡÷H2O |
H 2+½O2¡÷H2O |
CH 3OH+3/2O2¡÷CO2+2H2O |
H 2+½O2¡÷H2O |
¤ÏÀ³ª« |
²V¦X²B®ð CO<1% |
²V¦X²B®ð |
²V¦X²B®ð |
°ª¯Â«×²B®ð |
¥Ò¾J |
²V¦X²B®ð CO<100ppm |
¿U®Æ |
H 2 |
H 2 |
H 2 |
H 2 |
CH 3OH |
H 2 |
®ñ¤Æ¾¯ |
O 2(Air) |
O 2(Air) |
O 2(Air) |
O 2(Air) |
O 2(Air) |
O 2(Air) |
¥i¥Î¿U®Æ |
¥Ò¾J,¤ÑµM®ð,ªh®ð,²G²B |
¥Ò¾J,¥Ûªo,·Ñ¬´,¤ÑµM®ð |
¥Ò¾J,¥Ûªo,·Ñ¬´,¤ÑµM®ð |
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¥Ò¾J |
¥Ò¾J,¤ÑµM®ð,»´ªo |
¹q¦À§÷®Æ |
¥Û¾¥ |
Âì,¤£ù׿û |
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ª÷ÄÝ |
ª÷ÄÝ,¥Û¾¥ |
ª÷ÄÝ,¥Û¾¥ |
¾Þ§@·Å«× |
160~220¢XC |
500~700¢XC |
800~1000¢XC |
60~90¢XC |
60¢XC |
50~90¢XC |
¾Þ§@À£¤O |
< 120 psi |
< 120 psi |
±`À£ |
< 60 psi |
< 75 psi |
< 30 psi |
±Ò°Ê®É¶¡ |
1~4 h |
5~10 h |
5~10 h |
< 0.1 h |
< 0.1 h |
|
µo¹q®Ä²v |
55% |
60~65% |
55~65% |
50~60% |
50~60% |
50~60% |
µo®i¥\²v |
11MW |
2MW |
100KW |
80KW |
250KW |
|
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